Cambridge. Grammar in use : UNIT 2. Present simple (I do)

UNIT 2. Present simple (I do)

A. Study this example situation:

Alex is a bus driver, but now he is in bed asleep. So: He is not driving a bus. (He is asleep.) but He drives a bus. (He is a bus driver.)

Drive(s)/work(s)/do(es) etc. is the present simple:

I/we/you/they drive/work/do etc.                          he/she/it drives/works/does etc.

Dalam kalimat present simple dalam kalimat affirmative untuk subject I,you,we,they + Verb1 tanpa s sedangkan untuk subject she, he, it + Verb1s/es/ies harus ditambahkan s pada verb1nya  

B. Pada kalimat present simple kita ungkapkan sesuatu yang umum, tidak hanya untuk yang terjadi sekarang saja, digunakan untuk kejadian yang rutin dan terjadi berulang ulang, atau yang sangat benar sesuai fakata secara umum, dan tidak terlalu penting apakah kejadiannya pada saat berkata atau tidak, contoh:

* Nurses look after patients in hospitals.

* I usually go away at weekends.

* The earth goes round the sun.

Remember that we say(ingat bahwa kita harus mengatakan): he/she/it -s. Don't forget the s:

I work ... but He works ... They teach ... but My sister teaches ...

For spelling(untuk pengucapa liahat) (-s or -es), see Appendix 6.

C. do/does (digunakan dalam kalimat negative dan Tanya):

do I/we/you/they work?/come?/do?                                  does he/she/it work?/come?/do?

I/we/you/they don't work/come/do                                   he/she/it doesn't work/come/do

* I come from Canada. Where do you come from?

* 'Would you like a cigarette?' 'No, thanks. I don't smoke.'

* What does this word mean? (not 'What means this word?')

* Rice doesn't grow in cold climates.

(Pada contoh berikut do adalah verb1 uatama dari kalimatnya,  contoh:)

* 'What do you do?' (= What's your job?) 'I work in a shop.'

* He's so lazy. He doesn't do anything to help me. (not 'He doesn't anything')

D. Kita juga gunakan Presen simple ketika kita mengatakan seberapa sering kita melakukan sesuatu, contoh:

* I get up at 8 o'clock every morning. (not 'I'm getting')

* How often do you go to the dentist? (not 'How often are you going?')

* Ann doesn't drink tea very often.

* In summer John usually plays tennis once or twice a week.

E. I promise/I apologise etc.

Kadang kadang kita melakukan sesuatu sambil mengatakan kata kata tertentu seperti :'I promise ...';  J suggest ...'. Kita gunakan Present simple, contoh:

(promise/suggest etc.) in sentences like this:

* I promise I won't be late. (not 'I'm promising')

* 'What do you suggest I do?' 'I suggest that you ...'

In the same way we say: I apologise .../I advise .../I insist .../I agree ... /I refuse ... etc.

EXERCISES

2.1 Complete the sentences using one of the following:

      cause(s)       close(s)         drink(s)       live(s)         open(s)          speak(s)          take(s) place

1. Ann speaks German very well.

2. I never --- coffee.

3. The swimming pool --- at 9 o'clock and --- at 18.30 every day.

4. Bad driving --- many accidents.

5. My parents --- in a very at small flat.

6. The Olympic Games --- every four years.

2.2 Put the verb into the correct form.

1. Jane doesn't drink (not/drink) tea very often.

2. What time --- (the banks/close) in Britain?

3. 'Where --- (Martin/come) from?' 'He's Scottish.'

4. 'What --- (you/do)?' 'I'm an electrical engineer.'

5. It --- (take) me an hour to get to work. How long --- (it/take) you?

6. I --- (play) the piano but I --- (not/play) very well.

7. I don't understand this sentence. What --- (this word/mean)?

2.3 Use one of the following verbs to complete these sentences. Sometimes you need the negative:

      believe       eat          flow       go          grow         make         rise         tell           translate

1. The earth goes round the sun.

2. Rice doesn't grow in Britain.

3. The sun --- in the east.

4. Bees --- honey.

5. Vegetarians --- meat.

6. An atheist --- in God.

7. An interpreter --- from one language into another.

8. A liar is someone who --- the truth.

9. The River Amazon --- into the Atlantic Ocean.

2.4 Ask Liz questions about herself and her family.

1. You know that Liz plays tennis. You want to know how often. Ask her.

How often do you play tennis?

2. Perhaps Liz's sister plays tennis too. You want to know. Ask Liz.

--- your sister --- - does your sister play tennis?

3. You know that Liz reads a newspaper every day. You want to know which one. Ask her.

--- Which newspaper do you read everyday?

4. You know that Liz's brother works. You want to know what he does. Ask Liz.

--- - what does your brother do?

5. You know that Liz goes to the cinema a lot. You want to know how often. Ask her.

--- How often do you go to the cinema?

6. You don't know where Liz's mother lives. Ask Liz.

--- Where does your mother live?

2.5 Complete using one of the following.

I apologize      I insist              I promise         I recommend                I suggest

1. It's a nice day. I suggest we go out for a walk.

2. I won't tell anybody what you said. ---. I promise

3. (in a restaurant) You must let me pay for the meal. ---. – I insist

4. --- for what I said about you. It wasn't true and I shouldn't have said it. – I apologize

5. The new restaurant in Hill Street is very good --- it. I recommend