tenses par x

UNIT 1. Present continuous (I am doing)

A. Pelajari contoh situasi berikut ini:

Ann is in her car. She is on her way to work. She is driving to work.

 Subject + am/is/are + Verb-ing is the present continuous.

Ini berarti: dia sedang mengendarai mobil sekarang, pada saat kalimat itu diucapkan. Tindakannya belum selesai.

I am(= I'm) driving          he/she/it is(he's etc.) working                  we/you/they are(we're etc.) doing etc.

B.. Kalimat continuous muncul ketika kita sedang ditengah tengah pekerjaan/suatu tindakan.

Kita mengucapkan kalimat itu ketika kita sedang melakukan suatu tindakan, contoh:

* Please don't make so much noise. I'm working. (not 'I work')

* 'Where's Margaret?' 'She's having a bath.' (not 'she has a bath')

* Let's go out now. It isn't raining any more. (not 'it doesn't rain')

* (at a party) Hello, Jane. Are you enjoying the party? (not 'do you enjoy')

* I'm tired. I'm going to bed now. Goodnight!

Tapi ada kalanya kejadian yang sedang dilakukan tidak pada saat kita mengucapkan kalimat it , contohnya:

Tom and Ann are talking in a cafe. Tom says:

TOM: I'm reading an interesting book at the moment. I lend it to you when I've finished it.

Disini si Tom tidak sedang membaca buku tapi sedang ngobrol di café dia baru saja mulai membaca buku dan belum menyelesaikannya. Dia sedang berada di tengah tenga proses membaca buku.

Some more examples:

* Catherine wants to work in Italy, so she is learning Italian. (but perhaps she isn't learning Italian exactly at the time of speaking)

* Some friends of mine are building their own house. They hope it will be finished before next summer.

C. Kita gunakan kalimat continuous ketika kita membicarakan kejadia yang terjadi sekarang dengan menggunakan keterangan waktu seperti today/this week/this evening etc.

* 'You're working hard today.' 'Yes, I have a lot to do.' (not 'you work hard today')

* 'Is Susan working this week?' 'No, she's on holiday.'

We use the present continuous when we talk about changes happening around now:/Kadang kita juga gunakan continuous untuk sebuah perubahan yang terjadi pada saat sekarang, contoh:

* The population of the world is rising very fast. (not 'rises')

* Is your English getting better? (not 'does your English get better')

EXERCISES

1.1 Complete the sentences with one of the following verbs in the correct form:

come    get       happen    look              make    start     stay       try      work

1. 'You're working hard today.' 'Yes, I have a lot to do.'

2. I --- for Christine. Do you know where she is?

3. It --- dark. Shall I turn on the light?

4. They haven't got anywhere to I've at the moment. They --- with friends until they find somewhere.

5. 'Are you ready, Ann?' 'Yes, I ---.'

6. Have you got an umbrella? It --- to rain.

7. You --- a lot of noise. Could you be quieter? I --- to concentrate.

8. Why are all these people here? What ---?

1.2 Use the words in brackets to complete the questions.

1. 'Is Colin working this week?' 'No, he's on holiday.' (Colin/work)

2. Why --- at me like that? What's the matter? (you/look)

3. 'Jenny is a student at university.' 'Is she? What --- ?' (she/study)

4. --- to the radio or can I turn it off? (anybody/listen)

5. How is your English? --- better? (it/get)

1.3 Put the verb into the correct form. Sometimes you need the negative (I'm not doing etc.).

1. I'm tired. I'm going (go) to bed now. Goodnight!

2. We can go out now. it isn't raining (rain) any more.

3. 'How is your new job?' 'Not so good at the moment. I --- (enjoy) it very much.' ‘m not enjoying

4. I want to lose weight, so this week I --- (eat) lunch.

5. Angela has just started evening classes. She --- (learn) German.

6. I think Paul and Ann have had an argument. They --- (speak) to each other.

1.4 Read this conversation between Brian and Sarah. Put the verbs into the correct form.

SARAH: Brian! How nice to see you! What (1) --- (you/do) these days?

BRIAN: I (2) --- (train) to be a supermarket manager.

SARAH: Really? What's it like? (3) --- (you/enjoy) it?

BRIAN: It's all right. What about you?

SARAH: Well, actually I (4) --- (not/work) at the moment. I (5) --- (try) to find a job but it's not easy. But I'm very busy. I (6) --- (decorate) my flat.

BRIAN: (7) --- (you/do) it alone?

SARAH: No, some friends of mine (8) --- (help) me.

1.5 Complete the sentences using one of these verbs: get      change        rise         fall            increase

You don't have to use all the verbs and you can use a verb more than once.

1. The population of the world is rising very fast.

2. Ken is still ill but he --- better slowly.

3. The world ---. Things never stay the same.

4. The cost of living ---. Every year things are more expensive.

5. The economic situation is already very bad and it --- worse.